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In mathematics, the special linear group SL(n, R) of degree n over a commutative ring R is the set of n × n matrices with determinant 1, with the group operations of ordinary matrix multiplication and matrix inversion. This is the normal subgroup of the general linear group given by the kernel of the determinant
In mathematics, the general linear group of degree n is the set of n×n invertible matrices, together with the operation of ordinary matrix multiplication.This forms a group, because the product of two invertible matrices is again invertible, and the inverse of an invertible matrix is invertible, with the identity matrix as the identity element of the group.
In the theory of algebraic groups, a special group is a linear algebraic group G with the property that every principal G-bundle is locally trivial in the Zariski topology. Special groups include the general linear group, the special linear group, and the symplectic group. Special groups are necessarily connected. Products of special groups are ...
Among the examples above the additive, multiplicative groups and the general and special linear groups are affine. Using the action of an affine algebraic group on its coordinate ring it can be shown that every affine algebraic group is a linear (or matrix group), meaning that it is isomorphic to an algebraic subgroup of the general linear group.
Considering their abstract group theory, many linear groups have a "special" subgroup, usually consisting of the elements of determinant 1 over the ground field, and most of them have associated "projective" quotients, which are the quotients by the center of the group. For orthogonal groups in characteristic 2 "S" has a different meaning.
The group GL n (K) itself; The special linear group SL n (K) (the subgroup of matrices with determinant 1); The group of invertible upper (or lower) triangular matrices; If g i is a collection of elements in GL n (K) indexed by a set I, then the subgroup generated by the g i is a linear group.
This family of groups includes the special linear groups SL(n, R) for n ≥ 3 and the special orthogonal groups SO(p,q) for p > q ≥ 2 and SO(p,p) for p ≥ 3. More generally, this holds for simple algebraic groups of rank at least two over a local field. The pairs (R n ⋊ SL(n, R), R n) and (Z n ⋊ SL(n, Z), Z n) have relative property (T ...
In mathematics, the special linear Lie algebra of order over a field, denoted or (,), is the Lie algebra of all the matrices (with entries in ) with trace zero and with the Lie bracket [,]:= given by the commutator. This algebra is well studied and understood, and is often used as a model for the study of other Lie algebras.