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This is a list of GIS data sources (including some geoportals) that provide information sets that can be used in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases for purposes of geospatial analysis and cartographic mapping. This list categorizes the sources of interest.
Spatial Data File – high-performance geodatabase format, native to MapGuide (by Autodesk) TIGER – Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing; Vector Product Format – National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)'s format of vectored data for large geographic databases
Shapefile – a popular vector data GIS format, developed by Esri; Geography Markup Language (GML) – XML based open standard (by OpenGIS) for GIS data exchange; GeoJSON – a lightweight format based on JSON, used by many open source GIS packages; GeoMedia – Intergraph's Microsoft Access based format for spatial vector storage
The shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software. It is developed and regulated by Esri as a mostly open specification for data interoperability among Esri and other GIS software products . [ 1 ]
The origin of the geodatabase was in the mid-1990s during the emergence of the first spatial databases.One early approach to integrating relational databases and GIS was the use of server middleware, a third-party program that stores the spatial data in database tables in a custom format, and translates it dynamically into a logical model that can be understood by the client software.
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GIS data acquisition includes several methods for gathering spatial data into a GIS database, which can be grouped into three categories: primary data capture, the direct measurement phenomena in the field (e.g., remote sensing, the global positioning system); secondary data capture, the extraction of information from existing sources that are ...
The file format is the native spatial data storage format for Autodesk GIS programs MapGuide and AutoCAD Map 3D. As of 2014 [update] SDF format version SDF3 (based on SQLite3 ) uses a single file. Prior versions of the format required a spatial index file (SIF), with an optional key index file (KIF) to speed access to the file.