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The human palatine tonsils (PT) are covered by stratified squamous epithelium that extends into deep and partly branched tonsillar crypts, of which there are about 10 to 30. [1] The crypts greatly increase the contact surface between environmental influences and lymphoid tissue.
The palatine tonsils are located in the isthmus of the fauces, between the palatoglossal arch and the palatopharyngeal arch of the soft palate.. The palatine tonsil is one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites.
The tonsillar artery (or tonsillar branch of the facial artery) is (usually) a branch of the facial artery (though it sometimes arises from the ascending palatine artery instead) that represents the main source of arterial blood supply for the palatine tonsil.
The tonsillar branches of glossopharyngeal nerve supply the palatine tonsil, ... the public domain from page 909 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) ...
The tonsils are a set of lymphoid organs facing into the aerodigestive tract, which is known as Waldeyer's tonsillar ring and consists of the adenoid tonsil (or pharyngeal tonsil), two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils, and the lingual tonsils. These organs play an important role in the immune system.
One common type of anatomical crypt is the Crypts of Lieberkühn. [1] However, it is not the only type: some types of tonsils also have crypts. Because these crypts allow external access to the deep portions of the tonsils, these tonsils are more vulnerable to infection.
The lesser palatine arteries give off tonsillary branches to supply the palatine tonsils. [3] They also gives off mucosal branches that usually supply the soft palate , [ 2 ] [ 4 ] and potentially the hard palate .
The plica semilunaris is the thin upper part of the fold of mucous membrane in the supratonsillar fossa that reaches across between the two arches. A separate fold is called the plica triangularis which runs inferoposteriorly from the posterior surface of the palatoglossal arch to cover the inferior portion of the tonsil.