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The tips of the bull's horns are also lapis lazuli, making this the only animal-shaped lyre at Ur to have horns tipped in a separate material. [1] The eyes of the bull are shell and lapis lazuli strung with copper wire. [4] In its dimensions, the bull's head is 40 cm long, 25 cm wide, and 19 cm deep. [5]
The "Golden Lyre of Ur" or "Bull's Lyre" is the finest lyre, and was given to the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. [10] Its reconstructed wooden body was damaged due to flooding during the Second Iraqi War; [11] [7] a replica of it is being played as part of a touring ensemble. [2] The "Golden Lyre" got its name because the whole head of the bull is ...
The name of the position held by Ninigizibara in the court of Inanna was written in cuneiform as GU 4.BALAG, which can be literally translated from Sumerian as "balaĝ-bull", [10] most likely a reference to the bull-shaped decorations on the sound box of the instrument. [11]
Yet another lyre incorporated various materials including wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red stone, silver and gold. The lyres found at Ur often included the representation of animals including a cow, stag, bearded bull, and a calf. Of particular note is the Bull-headed lyre from PG 789, also referred to as the "King's Grave".
The body of the lyre (Sumerian: zami, Babylonian: sammu, Hittite: zinar) [17] was a representation of an animal's body, such as a cow, bull, calf, donkey, or stag. Archaeologist Leonard Woolley suggested that the animal head depicted on the front of the lyre indicated the instrument's register .
c. 2800 BC - The invention of the harp and the lyre in Mesopotamia. [3] [4] c. 2550–2450 BC - The invention of the Bull Headed Lyre of Ur, string instrument used in Mesopotamia. c. 2550-2450 BC - The invention of the Lyres of Ur, a stringed musical instrument from the Early Dynastic III Period of Mesopotamia. [5]
The number of grave goods that Woolley uncovered in Puabi's tomb was staggering. They included a heavy, golden headdress made of golden leaves, rings and plates; a superb lyre (see Lyres of Ur) complete with a golden and lapis lazuli-encrusted bearded bull's head; a profusion of gold tableware; golden, carnelian, and lapis lazuli cylindrical beads used in extravagant necklaces and belts; a ...
In the royal cemetery lapis lazuli is found as jewelry, plaques and amulets, and as inlays in gaming boards, musical instruments, and ostrich-egg vessels as well as parts of larger sculptural groups such as the "Ram in a Thicket" and as the beard of a bull attached to a lyre. Some of the larger objects include a spouted cup, a dagger-hilt, and ...