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The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or strength of an earthquake – an event occurring at greater or lesser depth. (The "M w" scale is ...
That gave the Mercalli Scale, as well as the European MSK-64 scale that followed, a quantitative element representing the vulnerability of the building's type. [10] Since then, that scale has been called the Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MMS) and the evaluations of the seismic intensities are more reliable. [11]
The first scale for measuring earthquake magnitudes, developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter and popularly known as the "Richter" scale, is actually the Local magnitude scale, label ML or M L. [11] Richter established two features now common to all magnitude scales.
The Richter scale [1] (/ ˈ r ɪ k t ər /), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, [2] is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Richter in collaboration with Beno Gutenberg, and presented in Richter's landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale". [3]
Unlike the Richter and moment magnitude scales, it is not a measure of the total energy (magnitude, or size) of an earthquake, but rather of how much the earth shakes at a given geographic point. The Mercalli intensity scale uses personal reports and observations to measure earthquake intensity but PGA is measured by instruments, such as ...
It had a magnitude of 7.6 M w and a maximum perceived intensity of VII (very strong) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. Mexico City and Chilpancingo were particularly badly affected. It caused the deaths of between 54 and 160 people. [4] A small tsunami was triggered but caused little damage. [2]
The earthquake, measuring 2.1ML on the Richter scale, hit Morvern in the Highlands just before 3.30pm. It was felt by islanders on Lismore, Inner Hebrides, and by villagers in Mallaig and Morar ...
This magnitude scale is related to the local magnitude scale proposed by Charles Francis Richter in 1935, with modifications from both Richter and Beno Gutenberg throughout the 1940s and 1950s. [1] [2] It is currently used in People's Republic of China as a national standard (GB 17740-1999) for categorising earthquakes. [3]