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A pair of clicking stream frogs (Strongylopus grayii) in amplexus Orange-thighed frogs (Litoria xanthomera) in amplexusAmplexus (Latin "embrace") is a type of mating behavior exhibited by some externally fertilizing species (chiefly amphibians and horseshoe crabs) in which a male grasps a female with his front legs as part of the mating process, and at the same time or with some time delay, he ...
Fertilization is the fusion of gametes to produce a new organism. In animals, the process involves a sperm fusing with an ovum, which eventually leads to the development of an embryo. Depending on the animal species, the process can occur within the body of the female in internal fertilization, or outside in the case of external fertilization.
In the frog Gastrotheca ovifera, embryos are fed by the mother through specialized gills. The lizard Pseudemoia pagenstecheri and most mammals use this form of viviparity. [1] Thus the definition of oviparity is narrower in the revised scheme, as it does not include the "ovuliparity" found in most fish, most frogs and many invertebrates.
"Fewer than a dozen of the 6455 species of frogs in the world are known to have internal fertilization, and of these, all but the new species either deposit fertilized eggs or give birth to froglets."
The tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) exhibits internal fertilisation. The "tail" is only possessed by the male and is an extension of the cloaca and used to inseminate the female. This frog lives in fast-flowing streams and internal fertilisation prevents the sperm from being washed away before fertilisation occurs. [90]
Moor frog eggs utilize glycans to form a hydrophilic jelly coat that protects the egg. The eggs of fish and amphibians are jellylike. Cartilaginous fish (sharks, skates, rays, chimaeras) eggs are fertilized internally and exhibit a wide variety of both internal and external embryonic development.
Example crosses between pool frog (Pelophylax lessonae), marsh frog (P. ridibundus) and their hybrid – edible frog (P. kl. esculentus). On the left, primary hybridisation generating a hybrid, while the middle is the most widespread type of hybridogenesis. [60] [61] Hybridogenesis is a mode of reproduction of hybrids.
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