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The sacroiliac joint or SI joint (SIJ) is the joint between the sacrum and the ilium bones of the pelvis, which are connected by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine and is supported in turn by an ilium on each side. The joint is strong, supporting the entire weight of the upper body.
Surface anatomy of the back. ... of the oblique portion of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments and ... from page 234 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy
The anterior sacroiliac ligament consists of numerous thin bands, which connect the anterior surface of the lateral part of the sacrum to the margin of the auricular surface of the ilium and to the preauricular sulcus.
Another use of the term "dimples of Venus" in surgical anatomy refers to two symmetrical indentations on the posterior aspect of the sacrum, which also contain a venous channel. They are used as a landmark for finding the superior articular facets of the sacrum as a guide to place sacral pedicle screws in spine surgery.
The upper half presents in front an ear-shaped surface, the auricular surface, covered with cartilage in the immature state, for articulation with the ilium. Behind it is a rough surface, the sacral tuberosity, on which are three deep and uneven impressions, for the attachment of the posterior sacroiliac ligament. The lower half is thin, and ...
It is an important surface landmark for various surgical approaches, such as treatment of hernia. [7] The severity of symptoms of damage to the iliohypogastric nerve can show whether damage occurred above or below the anterior superior iliac spine. [6] Bone may be harvested from the nearby iliac crest for use elsewhere in the body. [5]
Anatomy figure: 13:03-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Deep muscles of the gluteal region with gluteus medius and maximus muscles removed." Anatomy figure: 17:02-05 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Posterior view of the bones and ligaments of the hip joint."
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is an outcome of either extra-articular dysfunction or from intraarticular dysfunction. SI joint dysfunction is sometimes referred to as "sacroiliac joint instability" or "sacroiliac joint insufficiency" due to the support the once strong and taut ligaments can no longer sustain.