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Blood vessels are the tubular structures of a circulatory system that transport blood throughout a vertebrate's body. [1] Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body.
The arachnoid mater is named after the Greek word arachne ("spider"), the suffix -oid ("in the image of"), and the Latin word mater ("mother"), because of the fine spider-web–like appearance of the delicate fibres of the arachnoid (arachnoid trabeculae) which extend down through the subarachnoid space and attach to the pia mater.
The macula (/ˈmakjʊlə/) [1] or macula lutea is an oval-shaped pigmented area in the center of the retina of the human eye and in other animals. The macula in humans has a diameter of around 5.5 mm (0.22 in) and is subdivided into the umbo, foveola, foveal avascular zone, fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas.
The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) is a region within the fovea centralis at the centre of the retina of the human eye that is devoid of retinal blood vessels. The geometric centre of the FAZ is often taken to be the centre of the macula and thus the point of fixation .
an outer (fibrous membrane, fibrous stratum) composed of avascular white fibrous tissue; an inner (synovial membrane, synovial stratum) which is a secreting layer; On the inside of the capsule, articular cartilage covers the end surfaces of the bones that articulate within that joint.
Avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is death of bone tissue due to interruption of the blood supply. [1] Early on, there may be no symptoms. [ 1 ] Gradually joint pain may develop, which may limit the person's ability to move. [ 1 ]
If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. The head of the femur is relevant to orthopedic surgery because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The femoral head is removed in total hip replacement surgery.
The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina. [1] [2]The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving.