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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the Middle Ages. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic rule .
Otto of Freising writes the first part of his Chronica sive Historia de duabus civitatibus covering the First Crusade and Crusade of 1101. [343] This contains the first reference to Prester John. [344] Map of the Second Crusade. 1147. 16 February. French forces meet in Étampes to discuss their route to the Holy Land. [345] 15 March.
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...
This was constructed in 325, on the purported site of Jesus' burial and resurrection. It became a site of Christian pilgrimage, and one of the goals of the Crusades was to recover it from Muslim rule. [1] [2] The crusading movement encompasses the framework of ideologies and institutions that described, regulated, and promoted the Crusades.
The history of Jerusalem during the Early Muslim period covers the period between the capture of the city from the Byzantines by the Arab Muslim armies of the nascent Caliphate in 637–638 CE, and its conquest by the European Catholic armies of the First Crusade in 1099. Throughout this period, Jerusalem remained a largely Christian city with ...
The Crusades: A Chronology, covering 1096–1444, in The Crusades—An Encyclopedia, edited by Alan V. Murray. [6] Important Dates and Events, 1049–1571, in the Wisconsin Collaborative History of the Crusades, Volume III, edited by Kenneth M. Setton (1975). [7] Timeline of Major Events of the Crusades. The Sultan and the Saint. [8]
The Jews and Muslims fought together to defend Jerusalem against the invading Franks. They were unsuccessful though and on 15 July 1099 the crusaders entered the city. [16] Again, they proceeded to massacre the remaining Jewish and Muslim civilians and pillaged or destroyed mosques and the city. [17]
After the successful siege of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of the First Crusade, became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem in June 1099; a few of the neighbouring towns (Ramla, Lydda, Bethlehem, and others) were taken first, and Jerusalem itself was captured on July 15. [10]