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Crown glass is a type of optical glass used in lenses and other optical components. It has relatively low refractive index (≈1.52) and low dispersion (with Abbe numbers between 50 and 85). Crown glass is produced from alkali-lime silicates containing approximately 10% potassium oxide and is one of the earliest low dispersion glasses .
Low-dispersion glass (LD glass) is a type of glass with reduced chromatic aberration, meaning the refractive index does not change as strongly with different wavelengths of light. In other words, the light passing through the glass has a smaller spread or dispersion between its constituent colors, resulting in a reduced " rainbow effect" at ...
The old fashioned glass, otherwise known as the rocks glass, whiskey glass, and lowball glass [1] [2] (or simply lowball), is a short tumbler used for serving spirits, such as whisky, neat or with ice cubes ("on the rocks"). It is also normally used to serve certain cocktails, such as the old fashioned.
The Glencairn glass is made in Poland. [4] The original Glencairn glass is approximately 115 mm (4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) in height and has been available in three variations: 24% lead crystal, lead-free crystal, and soda-lime glass. [citation needed] The vast majority of glasses in circulation are of the lead-free crystal variety. The soda-lime ...
The calculation of glass properties allows "fine-tuning" of desired material characteristics, e.g., the refractive index. [1]The calculation of glass properties (glass modeling) is used to predict glass properties of interest or glass behavior under certain conditions (e.g., during production) without experimental investigation, based on past data and experience, with the intention to save ...
If FS was greater than 1.3 (small cation with high charge [5]), it would be a glass network former. If FS was less than 0.4 (large cation with small charge [5]), it would be a glass network modifier. If FS was between 0.4 and 1.3 (medium-sized cation with medium charge [5]) it would be an intermediate.
1892: Establishment of glassworks Schreiber and nephews (Schreiber und Neffen) by its owner and founder Joseph Schreiber.The glassworks starts with the production of flat glass and tableware pressed glass, but mainly focused on the production of drinking glasses and sets for wholesale customers (hotels, medical centers, cafeterias) under the brand name Rona Crystal.
30 to 44 ml (1.0 to 1.5 US fl oz) 59 to 89 ml (2 to 3 US fl oz) There is no official size for a single shot, except in Utah, where a shot is defined as 1.5 US fl oz (44.4 ml). [22] Elsewhere in the U.S., the standard size is generally considered to be 1.25–1.5 US fl oz (37–44 ml).