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[10] [11] [12] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical twin). [ 10 ] [ 11 ] It is most often performed for patients with certain cancers of the blood or bone marrow , such as multiple myeloma or leukemia . [ 11 ]
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte CSF are given to stimulate white blood cell formation in cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy, which tends to kill their red bone marrow cells as well as the cancer cells. Thrombopoietin shows great promise for preventing platelet depletion during chemotherapy. CSFs and ...
Diagram showing the development of different blood cells from haematopoietic stem cell to mature cells. Haematopoiesis (/ h ɪ ˌ m æ t ə p ɔɪ ˈ iː s ɪ s, ˌ h iː m ə t oʊ-, ˌ h ɛ m ə-/; [1] [2] from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and ποιεῖν (poieîn) 'to make'; also hematopoiesis in American English, sometimes h(a)emopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular ...
The more aggressive forms of disease require treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and—in some cases—a bone marrow transplant. The use of rituximab has been established for the treatment of B-cell–derived hematologic malignancies, including follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). [7]
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells [1] that give rise to other blood cells.This process is called haematopoiesis. [2] In vertebrates, the first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta within the (midgestational) aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, through a process known as endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition.
During fetal development, hematopoiesis occurs mainly in the fetal liver and in the spleen followed by localization to the bone marrow. [4] Hematopoiesis also takes place in many other tissues or organs such as the yolk sac, the aorta-gonad mesonephros (AGM) region, and lymph nodes.
Post-HSCT oral cancer may have more aggressive behavior with poorer prognosis, when compared to oral cancer in non-HSCT patients. [ 62 ] A meta-analysis showed that the risk of secondary cancers such as bone cancer , head and neck cancers , and melanoma , with standardized incidence ratios of 10.04 (3.48–16.61), 6.35 (4.76–7.93), and 3.52 ...
[4] [5] [6] Having clonal hematopoiesis has been linked to a more than 10-fold increased risk of developing a blood cancer, though the overall likelihood is still low. [4] [5] Clonal hematopoiesis does not typically give rise to noticeable symptoms, but does lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease.