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Another fairly common fullerene has empirical formula C 70, [30] but fullerenes with 72, 76, 84 and even up to 100 carbon atoms are commonly obtained. The smallest possible fullerene is the dodecahedral C 20. There are no fullerenes with 22 vertices. [31]
Fullerene or C 60 is soccer-ball-shaped or I h with 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons. According to Euler's theorem these 12 pentagons are required for closure of the carbon network consisting of n hexagons and C 60 is the first stable fullerene because it is the smallest possible to obey this rule.
Xenon can be directly bonded to a less electronegative element than fluorine or oxygen, particularly carbon. [22] Electron-withdrawing groups, such as groups with fluorine substitution, are necessary to stabilize these compounds. [16] Numerous such compounds have been characterized, including: [17] [23] C 6 F 5 –Xe + –N≡C–CH
This yielded a crystalline product, xenon hexafluoroplatinate, whose formula was proposed to be Xe + [PtF 6] −. [4] [7] It was later shown that the compound is actually more complex, containing both [XeF] + [PtF 5] − and [XeF] + [Pt 2 F 11] −. [8] Nonetheless, this was the first real compound of any noble gas.
C 70 fullerene is the fullerene molecule consisting of 70 carbon atoms. It is a cage-like fused-ring structure which resembles a rugby ball, made of 25 hexagons and 12 pentagons , with a carbon atom at the vertices of each polygon and a bond along each polygon edge.
Besides unfilled fullerenes, endohedral metallofullerenes develop with different cage sizes like La@C 60 or La@C 82 and as different isomer cages. Aside from the dominant presence of mono-metal cages, numerous di-metal endohedral complexes and the tri-metal carbide fullerenes like Sc 3 C 2 @C 80 were also isolated. In 1999 a discovery drew ...
Electronegativity is not a uniquely defined property and may depend on the definition. The suggested values are all taken from WebElements as a consistent set. Many of the highly radioactive elements have values that must be predictions or extrapolations, but are unfortunately not marked as such.
The method was simple and efficient to prepare the material in gram amounts per day (1990) which has boosted the fullerene research and is even today applied for the commercial production of fullerenes. The discovery of practical routes to C 60 led to the exploration of a new field of chemistry involving the study of fullerenes.