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Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury was the head of the commission from its founding in 1845 until his death in 1885. [2] The Lunacy Commission was made up of eleven Metropolitan Commissioners: three medical, three legal and five laymen. [3]
The Board of Commissioners in Lunacy for Ireland, more strictly known as the "Commission of General Control and Correspondence", was established in 1821 by the Lunacy (Ireland) Act 1821. [1] The commission consisted of four doctors and four lay members. [ 2 ]
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The Lunacy Act 1845 or the Lunatics Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 100) and the County Asylums Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 126) formed mental health law in England and Wales from 1845 to 1890. The Lunacy Act's most important provision was a change in the status of mentally ill people to patients .
Although the Lunacy Regulation (Ireland) Act 1871 made some changes relating to Commissioners in Lunacy, the management of the Estates of Lunatics and for the protection of the property of Lunatics in Ireland, [5] aspects of the legislation remained in force until repealed by the Assisted Decision Making (Capacity) Act 2015.
The Lunacy Act 1845 was an important landmark in the treatment of the mentally ill, as it explicitly changed the status of mentally ill people to patients who required treatment. The Act created the Lunacy Commission, headed by Lord Shaftesbury, to focus on lunacy legislation reform. [35]
Lunatic is a term referring to a person who is seen as mentally ill, dangerous, foolish, [1] [2] or crazy—conditions once attributed to "lunacy". The word derives from lunaticus meaning "of the moon" or "moonstruck". [3] [4] [5]
The Lunacy Act's most important provision was a change in the status of mentally ill people to patients. As well, the Lunacy Act created the Commissioners in Lunacy or Lunacy Commission, a UK public body established to oversee asylums and the welfare of mentally ill people. It succeeded the Metropolitan Commissioners in Lunacy. The Lunacy Act ...