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Zinc is refined by froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity (electrowinning). Zinc is an essential trace element for humans, [8] [9] [10] animals, [11] plants [12] and for microorganisms [13] and is necessary for prenatal and postnatal development. [14]
Zinc is bluish-white and lustrous, [9] though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. [10] Zinc is also referred to in nonscientific contexts as spelter. [11] Cadmium is soft, malleable, ductile, and with a bluish-white color. Mercury is a liquid, heavy, silvery-white metal.
Zinc compounds are chemical compounds containing the element zinc which is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. The oxidation state of zinc in most compounds is the group oxidation state of +2. Zinc may be classified as a post-transition main group element with zinc(II). Zinc compounds are noteworthy for their nondescript appearance ...
Zinc fingers were first identified in a study of transcription in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis in the laboratory of Aaron Klug.A study of the transcription of a particular RNA sequence revealed that the binding strength of a small transcription factor (transcription factor IIIA; TFIIIA) was due to the presence of zinc-coordinating finger-like structures. [6]
Zinc fingers help read DNA sequences.. Zinc is an essential trace element for humans [1] [2] [3] and other animals, [4] for plants [5] and for microorganisms. [6] Zinc is required for the function of over 300 enzymes and 1000 transcription factors, [3] and is stored and transferred in metallothioneins.
They include two major groups: (1) the zinc transporter (ZnT) or solute carrier 30 (SLC30) family, which controls the efflux of zinc from the cytoplasm out of the cell and from the cytoplasm into vesicles; and (2) the zinc importer, Zrt- and Irt-like protein (ZIP), or solute carrier 39A (SLC39A) family, which controls the influx of zinc into ...
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By binding and releasing zinc, metallothioneins (MTs) may regulate zinc levels within the body. Zinc, in turn, is a key element for the activation and binding of certain transcription factors through its participation in the zinc finger region of the protein. [16] [17] Metallothionein also carries zinc ions (signals) from one part of the cell ...