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In chemistry, an electrophile is a chemical species that forms bonds with nucleophiles by accepting an electron pair. [1] Because electrophiles accept electrons, they are Lewis acids . [ 2 ] Most electrophiles are positively charged , have an atom that carries a partial positive charge, or have an atom that does not have an octet of electrons.
Like all Grignard reagents, propylmagnesium bromide is a strong electrophile, sensitive to both water and air. The propylmagnesium halides are the simplest Grignard reagents to exhibit isomerism . Isopropylmagnesium chloride is the primary synthetic equivalent of the isopropyl group .
Electrophilic amination is a chemical process involving the formation of a carbon–nitrogen bond through the reaction of a nucleophilic carbanion with an electrophilic source of nitrogen. [ 1 ] Introduction
Two common modes of Lewis acid catalysis in reactions with polar mechanisms. In reactions with polar mechanisms, Lewis acid catalysis often involves binding of the catalyst to Lewis basic heteroatoms and withdrawing electron density, which in turn facilitates heterolytic bond cleavage (in the case of Friedel-Crafts reaction) or directly activates the substrate toward nucleophilic attack (in ...
[citation needed] In both the patent and academic chemical literature are examples of 1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfides with higher solubilities. [citation needed] These highly soluble versions of Lawesson's reagent are created by the reaction of P 4 S 10 with aryl ethers which are different from anisole. For instance butoxybenzene and ...
Nitrosyl chloride is the chemical compound with the formula NOCl. It is a yellow gas that is commonly encountered as a component of aqua regia , a mixture of 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid .
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A hydrogen on the α position of a carbonyl compound is weakly acidic and can be removed by a strong base to yield an enolate ion. In comparing acetone (pK a = 19.3) with ethane (pK a = 60), for instance, the presence of a neighboring carbonyl group increases the acidity of the ketone over the alkane by a factor of 10 40.