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Free-energy relationship, a relationship in physical organic chemistry; Principle of minimum energy, a thermodynamic formulation based on the second law; Thermodynamic free energy, the energy in a physical system that can be converted to do work, including: Gibbs free energy; Landau free energy (also known as grand potential) Helmholtz free energy
[1] [2] Devices allegedly suppressed include perpetual motion machines, cold fusion generators, torus-based generators, reverse-engineered extraterrestrial technology, anti-gravity propulsion systems, and other generally unproven or physically impossible, low-cost energy sources. [2] [3] [4] [5]
The free energy principle is a mathematical principle of information physics: much like the principle of maximum entropy or the principle of least action, it is true on mathematical grounds. To attempt to falsify the free energy principle is a category mistake, akin to trying to falsify calculus by making empirical observations. (One cannot ...
Steorn Ltd (/ ˈ s t j ɔːr n /) was a small, private technology development company based in Dublin, Ireland.In August 2006, it announced that it had developed a technology to provide "free, clean, and constant energy" via an apparent perpetual motion machine, something which is contrary to the law of conservation of energy, a fundamental principle of physics.
Newman's Energy Machine was a DC motor which the inventor, Joseph Newman, claimed to produce mechanical power exceeding the electrical power being supplied to it. In 1979, Newman attempted to patent the device, but it was rejected by the United States Patent Office as being a perpetual motion machine . [ 1 ]
Therefore, only relative free energy values, or changes in free energy, are physically meaningful. The free energy is the portion of any first-law energy that is available to perform thermodynamic work at constant temperature, i.e., work mediated by thermal energy. Free energy is subject to irreversible loss in the course of such work. [1]
He also promoted free energy machines. He claimed inspiration from Nikola Tesla, among others. [34] In 1962, physicist Richard Feynman discussed a Brownian ratchet that would supposedly extract meaningful work from Brownian motion, although he went on to demonstrate how such a device would fail to work in practice. [35]
Joseph Westley Newman (July 2, 1936 – March 6, 2015) was an American inventor and author who developed an "energy machine" which he attempted to patent, but was rejected by the US Patent and Trademark Office on grounds of being a perpetual motion machine. He described this device in a book, The Energy Machine of Joseph Newman.