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Wilbur Siebert, in his book The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom and The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroads, wrote "Elijah Anderson, a brave, and fearless colored man, was the general superintendent of the Underground system in this section of Ohio, and probably conducted more fugitives than any other dozen men up to the time ...
Various other routes led to Mexico, [12] where slavery had been abolished, and to islands in the Caribbean that were not part of the slave trade. [13] An earlier escape route running south toward Florida , then a Spanish possession (except 1763–1783), existed from the late 17th century until approximately 1790.
Gadsden planned to establish a slave-holding colony there based on rice, cotton, and sugar, and wanted to use slave labor to build a railroad and highway that originated in either San Antonio or the Red River valley. The railway or highway would transport people to the California gold fields.
This worsening situation for railroad workers led to strikes against many railroads, culminating in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, involving over 100,000 people in multiple cities. [41] The Great Strike began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, in response to the cutting of wages for the second time in a year by the B&O Railroad.
The new western railroads played a key role in uniting the country geographically and economically. The construction of transcontinental railroads, such as the Union Pacific and Central Pacific, facilitated travel and trade between the East and West coasts, reducing travel times and costs while promoting national cohesion. [33] [34]
Due to Crenshaw's keeping and "breeding" of slaves and kidnapping of free blacks, who were then pressed into slavery, his house became popularly known as The Old Slave House. Other cases of the Reverse Underground Railroad in Illinois occurred in the southwestern and western parts of the state, along the Mississippi River bordering the slave ...
The Routledge Historical Atlas of the American Railroads (2001) Stover, John. History of the Illinois Central Railroad (1975) Stover, John. Iron Road to the West: American Railroads in the 1850s (1978) Turner, George E. Victory rode the rails: the strategic place of the railroads in the Civil War (1953) Ward, James Arthur. J.
Charles Crocker (September 16, 1822 – August 14, 1888) was an American railroad executive who was one of the founders of the Central Pacific Railroad, which constructed the westernmost portion of the first transcontinental railroad, and took control with partners of the Southern Pacific Railroad. [1] [2]