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A planar lamina is defined as a figure (a closed set) D of a finite area in a plane, with some mass m. [2]This is useful in calculating moments of inertia or center of mass for a constant density, because the mass of a lamina is proportional to its area.
The experimental determination of a body's center of mass makes use of gravity forces on the body and is based on the fact that the center of mass is the same as the center of gravity in the parallel gravity field near the earth's surface. The center of mass of a body with an axis of symmetry and constant density must lie on this axis.
The force of gravity on the mass of a simple pendulum generates a torque = around the axis perpendicular to the plane of the pendulum movement. Here r {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} } is the distance vector from the torque axis to the pendulum center of mass, and F {\displaystyle \mathbf {F} } is the net force on the mass.
The perpendicular axis theorem (or plane figure theorem) states that for a planar lamina the moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the lamina is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia about two mutually perpendicular axes in the plane of the lamina, which intersect at the point where the perpendicular axis passes through.
Interactive geometry software (IGS) or dynamic geometry environments (DGEs) are computer programs which allow one to create and then manipulate geometric constructions, primarily in plane geometry. In most IGS, one starts construction by putting a few points and using them to define new objects such as lines, circles or other points. After some ...
Centroid of a triangle. In mathematics and physics, the centroid, also known as geometric center or center of figure, of a plane figure or solid figure is the arithmetic mean position of all the points in the surface of the figure.
In relativity, the COM frame exists for an isolated massive system.This is a consequence of Noether's theorem.In the COM frame the total energy of the system is the rest energy, and this quantity (when divided by the factor c 2, where c is the speed of light) gives the invariant mass of the system:
Bending of plates, or plate bending, refers to the deflection of a plate perpendicular to the plane of the plate under the action of external forces and moments. The amount of deflection can be determined by solving the differential equations of an appropriate plate theory. The stresses in the plate can be calculated from these deflections.