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Cutting speed may be defined as the rate at the workpiece surface, irrespective of the machining operation used. A cutting speed for mild steel of 100 ft/min is the same whether it is the speed of the cutter passing over the workpiece, such as in a turning operation, or the speed of the cutter moving past a workpiece, such as in a milling operation.
To achieve optimal surface speed and cutting conditions, burrs are rapidly rotated at high speeds, often in the range of thousands or tens of thousands of RPM, which is typically the maximum speed supported by a given spindle. The cutters depicted in the image, being made of tungsten carbide, can withstand and operate at these elevated speeds.
An end mill is a type of milling cutter, a cutting tool used in industrial milling applications. They can have several end configurations: round (ball), tapered, or straight are a few popular types. They are most commonly used in "milling machines" that move a piece of material against the end mill to remove chips of the material to create a ...
The words end mill are generally used to refer to flat bottomed cutters, but also include rounded cutters (referred to as ball nosed) and radiused cutters (referred to as bull nose, or torus). They are usually made from high speed steel or cemented carbide, and have one or more flutes. They are the most common tool used in a vertical mill.
Common materials for the cutters (brazed tips or clamped inserts) include cemented carbide, polycrystalline diamond, and cubic boron nitride. [1] Tools that are commonly tipped include milling cutters (such as end mills, face mills, and fly cutters), tool bits, router bits, and saw blades (especially the metal-cutting ones).
A tungsten carbide tipped (TCT) and high-speed steel (HSS) annular cutter (also known as a "core drill" or "hole saw"). An annular cutter (also called a core drill, core cutter, broach cutter, trepanning drill, hole saw, or cup-type cutter) is a form of core drill used to create holes in metal.
Tungsten carbide end mills. The carbides of the group 4, 5 and 6 transition metals (with the exception of chromium) are often described as interstitial compounds. [2] These carbides have metallic properties and are refractory.
SFM is a combination of diameter and the velocity of the material measured in feet-per-minute as the spindle of a milling machine or lathe. 1 SFM equals 0.00508 surface meter per second (meter per second, or m/s, is the SI unit of speed). The faster the spindle turns, and/or the larger the diameter, the higher the SFM.