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According to traditional Japanese beliefs, all humans have a spirit or soul called a reikon ().When a person dies, the reikon leaves the body and enters a form of purgatory, where it waits for the proper funeral and post-funeral rites to be performed so that it may join its ancestors. [1]
Naraka (Sanskrit: नरक; Chinese: 地獄／奈落; pinyin: Dìyù/Nàiluò; Japanese: 地獄／奈落, romanized: Jigoku/Naraku) is a term in Buddhist cosmology [1] usually referred to in English as "hell" (or "hell realm") or "purgatory". [2] [3] Another term used for the concept of hell in earlier writings is niraya. [4]
The word "purgatory" has come to refer to a wide range of historical and modern conceptions of postmortem suffering short of everlasting damnation. [4] English-speakers also use the word analogously to mean any place or condition of suffering or torment, especially one that is temporary. [5]
When a person dies in an unexpected, violent or traumatic way, the reikon remains amongst the living as a yūrei, or ghost, who must complete an unfinished duty amongst the living or be given a proper ritual to ease its passing into the next world.
A bilingual pun involves a word from one language which has the same or similar meaning in another language's word. The word is often homophonic whether on purpose or by accident. [1] Another feature of the bilingual pun is that the person does not always need to have the ability to speak both languages in order to understand the pun.
Yomi or Yomi-no-kuni (黄泉, 黄泉の国, or 黄泉ノ国) is the Japanese word for the land of the dead (World of Darkness). [1] According to Shinto mythology as related in Kojiki, this is where the dead go in the afterlife. Once one has eaten at the hearth of Yomi it is (mostly) impossible to return to the land of the living. [2]
Karoshi (Japanese: 過労死, Hepburn: Karōshi), which can be translated into "overwork death", is a Japanese term relating to occupation-related sudden death. [1] The most common medical causes of karoshi deaths are heart attacks and strokes due to stress and malnourishment or fasting.
A Japanese chimera with the features of the beasts from the Chinese Zodiac: a rat's head, rabbit ears, ox horns, a horse's mane, a rooster's comb, a sheep's beard, a dragon's neck, a back like that of a boar, a tiger's shoulders and belly, monkey arms, a dog's hindquarters, and a snake's tail.