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Alexander Parkes (29 December 1813 – 29 June 1890) was a metallurgist and inventor from Birmingham, England. He created Parkesine , the first man-made plastic . Biography
Alexander Parkes and Daniel Spill (see below) listed camphor during their earlier experiments, calling the resultant mix "xylonite", but it was the Hyatt brothers who recognized the value of camphor and its use as a plasticizer for cellulose nitrate. They used heat and pressure to simplify the manufacture of these compounds.
Daniel Spill (11 February 1832 – 1887) was born in Winterbourne, Gloucestershire, England.He became a rubber and an early thermoplastics manufacturer. For over 20 years Spill had pursued the goal of making a successful business from Alexander Parkes' invention Parkesine, the first man-made plastic.
Plaque commemorating Parkes at the Birmingham Science Museum. Parkesine, invented by Alexander Parkes in 1855 and patented the following year, [136] is considered the first man-made plastic. It was manufactured from cellulose (the major component of plant cell walls) treated with nitric acid as a solvent.
Parkesine, the first member of the Celluloid class of compounds and considered the first man-made plastic, is patented by Alexander Parkes. [4] 1869: John Wesley Hyatt discovers a method to simplify the production of celluloid, making industrial production possible. 1872: PVC was accidentally synthesized in 1872 by German chemist Eugen Baumann ...
In 1855, the first human-made plastic, nitrocellulose (branded Parkesine, patented in 1862), was created by Alexander Parkes from cellulose treated with nitric acid and a solvent. In 1868, American inventor John Wesley Hyatt developed a plastic material he named Celluloid , improving on Parkes' invention by plasticizing the nitrocellulose with ...
Retired veterinarian, Dr. Lincoln Parkes, has dedicated more than 60 years to building custom-made carts for paralyzed animals. At 92-years-old, Dr. Parkes has helped hundreds of animals ...
1850: The Parkes process, for removing silver from lead during the production of bullion, invented by Alexander Parkes (1813–1890). 1850–1855: Steel production Bessemer process developed by Henry Bessemer (1813–1898). 1862: First man-made plastic – Nitrocellulose, branded Parkesine – invented by Alexander Parkes (1813–1890).