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  2. Palaiologos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaiologos

    The origins of the Palaiologos family are unclear. According to several later oral traditions, the family had originated in Italy, supposedly in the city of Viterbo. [12] As per this version, the family name Palaiologos (Palaios logos, lit. "old word") was a Greek translation of vetus verbum, a dubious etymology of Viterbo.

  3. John V Palaiologos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos

    John V Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Ἰωάννης Παλαιολόγος, Iōánnēs Palaiológos; 18 June 1332 – 16 February 1391) was Byzantine emperor from 1341 to 1391, with interruptions. His long reign was marked by constant civil war, the spread of the Black Death and several military defeats to the Ottoman Turks, who rose as ...

  4. Byzantine flags and insignia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_flags_and_insignia

    During the Palaiologan period, the insigne of the reigning dynasty, and the closest thing to a Byzantine "national flag", according to Soloviev, was the so-called "tetragrammatic cross", a gold or silver cross with four letters beta "Β" (often interpreted as firesteels) of the same color, one in each corner. [43][44]

  5. Armorial of Albania - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armorial_of_Albania

    The coat of arms features at the top a royal crown, holding in place a scepter and a sword, in a chiasmic pattern. Beneath it, a shield capped with a fleur-de-lis displays a crowned bison's head centered within, symmetrically flanked by a sun in splendour to the left and a crescent moon face to the right.

  6. Helmet (heraldry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmet_(heraldry)

    Heraldry portal. v. t. e. In heraldic achievements, the helmet or helm is situated above the shield and bears the torse and crest. The style of helmet displayed varies according to rank and social status, and these styles developed over time, in step with the development of actual military helmets. [1][2] In some traditions, especially German ...

  7. Palaeologus-Montferrat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaeologus-Montferrat

    The House of Palaeologus-Montferrat or Palaiologos-Montferrat, or just Palaeologus or Paleologo, was an Italian noble family and a cadet branch of the Palaiologos dynasty, the last ruling family of the Byzantine Empire. The cadet branch was created in 1306 when Theodore Palaiologos, fourth son of Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos ...

  8. Crest (heraldry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest_(heraldry)

    v. t. e. A knight with an eagle crest at the Saracen Joust in Arezzo, Tuscany. A crest is a component of a heraldic display, consisting of the device borne on top of the helm. Originating in the decorative sculptures worn by knights in tournaments and, to a lesser extent, battles, crests became solely pictorial after the 16th century (the era ...

  9. Great helm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_helm

    Great helm. 13th century German great helm with a flat top to the skull. The great helm or heaume, also called pot helm, bucket helm and barrel helm, is a helmet of the High Middle Ages which arose in the late twelfth century in the context of the Crusades and remained in use until the fourteenth century. The barreled style was used by knights ...