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  2. Oil immersion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_immersion

    In light microscopy, oil immersion is a technique used to increase the resolving power of a microscope. This is achieved by immersing both the objective lens and the specimen in a transparent oil of high refractive index, thereby increasing the numerical aperture of the objective lens. Without oil, light waves reflect off the slide specimen ...

  3. Index-matching material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index-matching_material

    In light microscopy, oil immersion is a technique used to increase the resolution of a microscope. This is achieved by immersing both the objective lens and the specimen in a transparent oil of high refractive index , thereby increasing the numerical aperture of the objective lens.

  4. Becke line test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becke_line_test

    Becke line test. The Becke line test is a technique in optical mineralogy that helps determine the relative refractive index of two materials. It is done by lowering the stage (increasing the focal distance) of the petrographic microscope and observing which direction the light appears to move. This movement will always go into the material of ...

  5. Refractive index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index

    In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium. The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refracted, when entering a material. This is described by Snell's law of refraction, n1 sin θ1 = n2 ...

  6. Live-cell imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live-cell_imaging

    Live-cell imaging is the study of living cells using time-lapse microscopy. It is used by scientists to obtain a better understanding of biological function through the study of cellular dynamics. [1] Live-cell imaging was pioneered in the first decade of the 21st century. One of the first time-lapse microcinematographic films of cells ever ...

  7. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_internal_reflection...

    Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope. A total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) is a type of microscope with which a thin region of a specimen, usually less than 200 nanometers can be observed. TIRFM is an imaging modality which uses the excitation of fluorescent cells in a thin optical specimen section that is ...

  8. Phase-contrast imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_imaging

    Phase-contrast imaging is a method of imaging that has a range of different applications. It measures differences in the refractive index of different materials to differentiate between structures under analysis. In conventional light microscopy, phase contrast can be employed to distinguish between structures of similar transparency, and to ...

  9. Condenser (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(optics)

    A condenser (right) and its respective diaphragm (left) A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam to illuminate an object to be imaged. Condensers are an essential part of any imaging device, such as microscopes, enlargers, slide projectors, and telescopes.

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