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A solution recommended by Nagle, that prevents the algorithm sending premature packets, is by buffering up application writes then flushing the buffer: [1] The user-level solution is to avoid write–write–read sequences on sockets. Write–read–write–read is fine. Write–write–write is fine. But write–write–read is a killer.
The ideal buffer is sized so it can handle a sudden burst of communication and match the speed of that burst to the speed of the slower network. Ideally, the shock-absorbing situation is characterized by a temporary delay for packets in the buffer during the transmission burst, after which the delay rapidly disappears and the network reaches a ...
In routers and switches, active queue management (AQM) is the policy of dropping packets inside a buffer associated with a network interface controller (NIC) before that buffer becomes full, often with the goal of reducing network congestion or improving end-to-end latency.
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In routing, a Ping-Pong scheme is a simple algorithm for distributing data packets across two paths.If you had two paths A and B, then the algorithm would randomly start with one of the paths and then switch back and forth between the two.
An overwhelmed network node can send a pause frame, which halts the transmission of the sender for a specified period of time. A media access control (MAC) frame (EtherType 0x8808) is used to carry the pause command, with the Control opcode set to 0x0001 (hexadecimal). [1] Only stations configured for full-duplex operation may send pause frames.
An established rule of thumb for the network equipment manufacturers was to provide buffers large enough to accommodate at least 250 ms of buffering for a stream of traffic passing through a device. For example, a router's Gigabit Ethernet interface would require a relatively large 32 MB buffer. [ 4 ]
a single-reader single-writer ring buffer FIFO, with a size which evenly divides the overflow of one of the available unsigned integer types, can unconditionally be implemented safely using only a memory barrier; Read-copy-update with a single writer and any number of readers. (The readers are wait-free; the writer is usually lock-free, until ...