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Cellular network standards and generation timeline. This is a comparison of standards of wireless networking technologies for devices such as mobile phones.A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s.
CDMA2000 1X (IS-2000), also known as 1x and 1xRTT, is the core CDMA2000 wireless air interface standard.The designation "1x", meaning 1 times radio transmission technology, indicates the same radio frequency (RF) bandwidth as IS-95: a duplex pair of 1.25 MHz radio channels. 1xRTT almost doubles the capacity of IS-95 by adding 64 more traffic channels to the forward link, orthogonal to (in ...
Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several transmitters can send information simultaneously over a single communication channel.
From the latest published version of the respective 3GPP2 technical standard (C.S0057-F), [5] the following table lists the specified frequency bands of the cdmaOne and CDMA2000 standards. [6] [7] [8]
Cell Radius: 3–12 km Speed: 250 km/h Spectral Efficiency: 13 bits/s/Hz/cell Spectrum Reuse Factor: "1" EDGE Evolution: GSM: Mobile Internet: TDMA/FDD: 1.6: 0.5: 3GPP Release 7 UMTS W-CDMA HSPA (HSDPA+HSUPA) 3GPP: Mobile Internet: CDMA/FDD CDMA/FDD/MIMO: 0.384 14.4: 0.384 5.76: HSDPA is widely deployed. Typical downlink rates today 2 Mbit/s ...
The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard. Developed and maintained by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), UMTS is a component of the International Telecommunication Union IMT-2000 standard set and compares with the CDMA2000 standard set for networks based on the competing cdmaOne technology.
Different proportionality constants are used for each channel. smart matrix array for combine input signal gain separated them with filters and different types of output multiplexed schemes are used for approach to multiple users for example CDMA, FDMA, WCDMA, TDMA, and ODMA.
the 3GPP/UMTS 3G radio interfaces WCDMA, HSDPA and HSUPA used globally. the 3GPP2 2G standard cdmaOne (IS-95) and 3G standards CDMA2000 1x and 1xEV-DO, used especially in the U.S. and South Korea; the Chinese TD-SCDMA system. The terminology used in this article is firstly based on 3GPP2 standards.