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Guillain–Barré syndrome (also called "GBS") is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. [3] Typically, both sides of the body are involved, and the initial symptoms are changes in sensation or pain often in the back along with muscle weakness, beginning in the feet and hands, often spreading to the arms and upper body. [3]
Autoantibodies to components of the Ranvier nodes, specially autoantibodies the Contactin-associated protein 1 , cause a form of CIDP with an acute "Guillain-Barre-like" phase, followed by a chronic phase with progressive symptoms. Different IgG subclasses are associated with the different phases of the disease.
Similarly, raised CSF protein levels and pleocytosis are frequent but non-specific. It was originally thought [5] that raised CSF protein without pleocytosis ('albuminocytological dissociation') was a characteristic feature, as it is in Guillain–Barré syndrome, but this has not been supported in more recent work. [7]
Guillain-Barré syndrome (pronounced gee-YAH-buh-RAY) is a rare autoimmune disorder that has been getting attention recently because of its potential connection with the coronavirus. In a letter ...
Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin, the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process.
A CSF culture examination may yield the microorganism that caused the infection. [ 13 ] Quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and other diseases affecting the brain.
Antibodies to a GM1 epitope as well as to one with the GT1a or GD3 epitope were found in different strains of Campylobacter jejuni [14] and patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome have a high occurrence of C. jejuni infection. [15] Many studies indicate that C. jejuni may be causative for a subset of some forms of neuropathies.
type 3, oligoclonal bands in CSF and serum with additional bands in CSF; type 4, identical oligoclonal bands in CSF and serum, type 5, monoclonal bands in CSF and serum, type 6, presence of a single band limited to the CSF. Type 2 and 3 indicate intrathecal synthesis, and the rest are considered as negative results (No MS).