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Hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) is an inorganic compound with chemical formula H F. It is a very poisonous, colorless gas or liquid that dissolves in water to yield hydrofluoric acid .
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water.Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive.A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.
The lighter noble gases xenon and krypton can be made to react with fluorine under special conditions, while argon will undergo chemical transformations only with hydrogen fluoride. [18] Nitrogen, with its very stable triple bonds, requires electric discharge and high temperatures to combine with fluorine directly. [19]
Ammonium bifluoride, as its name indicates, contains an ammonium cation ([NH 4] +), and a bifluoride (or hydrogen difluoride) anion ([HF 2] −).The triatomic bifluoride anion features a strong three-center four-electron bond (specifically, a symmetrical hydrogen bond) with a bond energy greater than 155 kJ/mol, [2] and an H-F length of 114 pm. [3]
This neutralization reaction forms hydrogen fluoride (HF), the conjugate acid of fluoride. In aqueous solution, fluoride has a pK b value of 10.8. It is therefore a weak base, and tends to remain as the fluoride ion rather than generating a substantial amount of hydrogen fluoride. That is, the following equilibrium favours the left-hand side in ...
Hydrogen and fluorine combine to yield hydrogen fluoride, in which discrete molecules form clusters by hydrogen bonding, resembling water more than hydrogen chloride. [126] [127] [128] It boils at a much higher temperature than heavier hydrogen halides and unlike them is miscible with water. [129] Hydrogen fluoride readily hydrates on contact ...
Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and antimony pentafluoride, containing various cations and anions (the simplest being H 2 F + and SbF − 6).This mixture is a superacid stronger than pure sulfuric acid, by many orders of magnitude, according to its Hammett acidity function.
The hydrogen halides are colourless gases at standard conditions for temperature and pressure (STP) except for hydrogen fluoride, which boils at 19 °C. Alone of the hydrogen halides, hydrogen fluoride exhibits hydrogen bonding between molecules, and therefore has the highest melting and boiling points of the HX series. From HCl to HI the ...