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The micromechanical-oscillator can be similar to the cantilevers in atomic force microscopy and the reflective surfaces typically used in similar high-demanding experiments pose no real challenge. Various elaborate electromagnetic mechanisms have been proposed to "reset" the cavities to a stable state before each repetition of the experiment.
The Aurora Pulsed Radiation Simulator (also known as the Aurora flash x-ray simulator) was a 14-terawatt flash gamma-ray simulator, designed to simulate the effects of a nuclear weapon's bremsstrahlung, or gamma radiation, pulses on military electronic systems.
PhET Interactive Simulations is part of the University of Colorado Boulder which is a member of the Association of American Universities. [10] The team changes over time and has about 16 members consisting of professors, post-doctoral students, researchers, education specialists, software engineers (sometimes contractors), educators, and administrative assistants. [11]
The High-Energy X-ray Timing Experiment (HEXTE) is a scintillator array for the study of temporal and temporal/spectral effects of the hard X-ray (20 to 200 keV) emission from galactic and extragalactic sources. [8] The HEXTE consisted of two clusters each containing four phoswich scintillation detectors. Each cluster could "rock" (beam switch ...
These observations were consistent with the diffraction theory for X-rays developed by Bragg and Laue earlier. Before the acceptance of the de Broglie hypothesis, diffraction was believed to be an exclusive property of waves. Davisson and Germer published notes of their electron-diffraction experiment result in Nature and in Physical Review in ...
A coded "shadow" is cast upon a plane by blocking radiation in a known pattern. The properties of the original radiation sources can then be mathematically reconstructed from this shadow. Coded apertures are used in X- and gamma ray imaging systems, because these high-energy rays cannot be focused with lenses or mirrors that work for visible light.
PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) was a cosmic ray research module attached to an Earth orbiting satellite. PAMELA was launched on 15 June 2006 and was the first satellite-based experiment dedicated to the detection of cosmic rays, with a particular focus on their antimatter component, in the form of positrons and antiprotons.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used technique for determining the local geometric and/or electronic structure of matter. [1] The experiment is usually performed at synchrotron radiation facilities, which provide intense and tunable X-ray beams. Samples can be in the gas phase, solutions, or solids. [2]