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Then the converse of S is the statement Q implies P (Q → P). In general, the truth of S says nothing about the truth of its converse, [2] unless the antecedent P and the consequent Q are logically equivalent. For example, consider the true statement "If I am a human, then I am mortal."
In propositional logic, affirming the consequent (also known as converse error, fallacy of the converse, or confusion of necessity and sufficiency) is a formal fallacy (or an invalid form of argument) that is committed when, in the context of an indicative conditional statement, it is stated that because the consequent is true, therefore the ...
An area of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values true and false, typically used in computer science, logic, and mathematical logic. Boolean negation A form of negation where the negation of a non-true proposition is true, and the negation of a non-false proposition is false. [34] [35] [36] Boolean operator
An example is the love-relation: if Dave loves Sara then it is possible but not necessary that Sara loves Dave. A special case of non-symmetric relations is asymmetric relations, which only go one way. An example is the relation being heavier than: if Ben is heavier than Nia then it is not possible at the same time that Nia is heavier than Ben ...
The previous example employed the contrapositive of a definition to prove a theorem. One can also prove a theorem by proving the contrapositive of the theorem's statement. To prove that if a positive integer N is a non-square number , its square root is irrational , we can equivalently prove its contrapositive, that if a positive integer N has ...
An example for converse nonimplication in computer science can be found when performing a right outer join on a set of tables from a database, if records not matching the join-condition from the "left" table are being excluded. [3]
In the monoid of binary endorelations on a set (with the binary operation on relations being the composition of relations), the converse relation does not satisfy the definition of an inverse from group theory, that is, if is an arbitrary relation on , then does not equal the identity relation on in general.
Propositional logic deals with statements, which are defined as declarative sentences having truth value. [29] [1] Examples of statements might include: Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit. London is the capital of England. All Wikipedia editors speak at least three languages.