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Lichen planus may be categorized as affecting mucosal or cutaneous surfaces.. Cutaneous forms are those affecting the skin, scalp, and nails. [10] [11] [12]Mucosal forms are those affecting the lining of the gastrointestinal tract (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, anus), larynx, and other mucosal surfaces including the genitals, peritoneum, ears, nose, bladder and conjunctiva of the eyes.
Pterygium unguis (or dorsal pterygium [1]: 660 ) forms as a result of scarring between the proximal nailfold and matrix, with the classic example being lichen planus, though it has been reported to occur as a result of sarcoidosis and Hansen's disease.
Lichenoid eruptions are dermatoses related to the unique, common inflammatory disorder lichen planus, which affects the skin, mucous membranes, nails, and hair. [ 74 ] [ 75 ] [ 76 ] Annular lichen planus Lichen planus actinicus
Hormones and certain medications can also make pigmented bands in the nails, but be especially watchful for nail cancer symptoms, such as a brown or dark stripe that goes from the cuticle out to ...
It can be a manifestation of lichen planus, psoriasis, alopecia areata, immunoglobulin A deficiency, atopic dermatitis, and ichthyosis vulgaris. [ 7 ] "The longitudinal striations can occur as a normal part of the aging process", [ 2 ] and not until the nails start to thin and get a sandpaper look is the condition called trachonychia.
Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, [4] is a fungal infection of the nail. [2] Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. [2] Fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails. [3] Complications may include cellulitis of the lower leg. [3]
Graham-Little syndrome or Graham-Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome is a cutaneous condition characterized by lichen planus-like skin lesions. [ 1 ] : 648 It is named after Ernest Graham-Little .
Melanonychia is a black or brown pigmentation of a nail, and may be present as a normal finding on many digits in Afro-Caribbeans, as a result of trauma, systemic disease, or medications, or as a postinflammatory event from such localized events as lichen planus or fixed drug eruption. [1]: 790 [2]: 665