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Body surface area. In physiology and medicine, the body surface area ( BSA) is the measured or calculated surface area of a human body. For many clinical purposes, BSA is a better indicator of metabolic mass than body weight because it is less affected by abnormal adipose mass. Nevertheless, there have been several important critiques of the ...
The Lund and Browder chart is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected. It was created by Dr. Charles Lund, Senior Surgeon at Boston City Hospital, and Dr. Newton Browder, based on their experiences in treating over 300 burn victims injured at the Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston in 1942. [ 1]
For children and infants, the Lund and Browder chart is used to assess the burned body surface area. Different percentages are used because the ratio of the combined surface area of the head and neck to the surface area of the limbs is typically larger in children than that of an adult. [2] Typical values for common groups of humans follow. [3 ...
14%. The Wallace rule of nines is a tool used in pre-hospital and emergency medicine to estimate the total body surface area (BSA) affected by a burn. In addition to determining burn severity, the measurement of burn surface area is important for estimating patients' fluid requirements and determining hospital admission criteria.
t. e. Body mass index ( BMI) is a value derived from the mass ( weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m 2, resulting from mass in kilograms (kg) and height in metres (m). The BMI may be determined first by measuring its components by means of ...
In children with more than 10–20% TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) burns, and adults with more than 15% TBSA burns, formal fluid resuscitation and monitoring should follow. [ 11 ] [ 60 ] [ 61 ] This should be begun pre-hospital if possible in those with burns greater than 25% TBSA. [ 60 ]
A fontanelle (or fontanel) (colloquially, soft spot) is an anatomical feature of the infant human skull comprising soft membranous gaps ( sutures) between the cranial bones that make up the calvaria of a fetus or an infant. [ 1] Fontanelles allow for stretching and deformation of the neurocranium both during birth and later as the brain expands ...
A pediatric burn is an injury to the skin or underlying tissue in person under the age of 18, and is globally the most common type of pediatric injury. [1] Burns can be caused my heat, cold, chemical or irritation. Most burns do not require hospital admission but a small percentage are serious and need to be transferred to specialist burn ...