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Amblyopia. Anisometropia is a condition in which a person's eyes have substantially differing refractive power. [ 1] Generally, a difference in power of one diopter (1D) is the threshold for diagnosis of the condition. [ 2][ 3] Patients may have up to 3D of anisometropia before the condition becomes clinically significant due to headache, eye ...
Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a fall in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or the diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mmHg between the supine reading and the upright reading. Also, the heart rate should be measured for both positions.
Gray's Anatomy is a reference book of human anatomy written by Henry Gray, illustrated by Henry Vandyke Carter and first published in London in 1858. It has had multiple revised editions, and the current edition, the 42nd (October 2020), remains a standard reference, often considered "the doctors' bible ".
Far-sightedness, also known as long-sightedness, hypermetropia, and hyperopia, is a condition of the eye where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects appear blurred. This blur is due to incoming light being focused behind, instead of on, the retina due to insufficient accommodation by the lens. [ 6]
The Hering-Breuer reflex, put simply, is what keeps the lungs from over-inflating with inspired air. The neural circuit that controls the Hering–Breuer inflation reflex involves several regions of the central nervous system, and both sensory and motor components of the vagus nerve. Increased sensory activity of the pulmonary-stretch lung ...
Other terminology include anisometropia, when the two eyes have unequal refractive power, [15] and aniseikonia which is when the magnification power between the eyes differ. [16] Refractive errors are typically measured using three numbers: sphere, cylinder, and axis. [17] Sphere: This number denotes the strength of the lens needed to correct ...
Tabes dorsalis. Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow degeneration (specifically, demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating nerve root pain which is aggravated by coughing, and features of sensory ataxia ...
In physiology, medicine, and anatomy, muscle tone ( residual muscle tension or tonus) is the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, or the muscle's resistance to passive stretch during resting state. [ 1][ 2] It helps to maintain posture and declines during REM sleep. [ 3] Muscle tone is regulated by the activity of the ...