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  2. Political polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_polarization

    Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization (differences between the policy positions) and affective ...

  3. Social polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_polarization

    Social polarization. Social polarization is the segregation within a society that emerges when factors such as income inequality, real-estate fluctuations and economic displacement result in the differentiation of social groups from high-income to low-income. It is a state and/or a tendency denoting the growth of groups at the extremities of ...

  4. Group polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_polarization

    Group polarization. In social psychology, group polarization refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members. These more extreme decisions are towards greater risk if individuals' initial tendencies are to be risky and towards greater caution if individuals' initial ...

  5. Political polarization in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_polarization_in...

    Political polarization is a prominent component of politics in the United States. [ 1] Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization (differences between the policy positions) and affective polarization (a dislike and distrust of political out-groups), both of which are apparent in the United States. [ 2][ 3][ 4] In the last few decades ...

  6. Racial polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_polarization

    Racial polarization. Racial polarization is the process whereby a population of individuals with different ancestry is divided into separate and distinct racial groups.

  7. Cleavage (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(politics)

    Cleavage (politics) In political science and sociology, a cleavage is a historically determined social or cultural line which divides citizens within a society into groups with differing political interests, resulting in political conflict among these groups. [ 1] Social or cultural cleavages thus become political cleavages once they get ...

  8. Political sociology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_sociology

    Political sociology is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with exploring how governance and society interact and influence one another at the micro to macro levels of analysis. Interested in the social causes and consequences of how power is distributed and changes throughout and amongst societies, political sociology's focus ranges ...

  9. Polarized pluralism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarized_pluralism

    Polarized pluralism. Polarized pluralism is a two-party or multi-party political system which is seen as overly polarized and therefore as dysfunctional. It was originally described by political philosopher Giovanni Sartori to define a system where moderate views are replaced by polarized views. The phrase was used by analyst Roger Cohen ...