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Interstitial lung disease ( ILD ), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease ( DPLD ), [ 3] is a group of respiratory diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue) and space around the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. [ 4] It concerns alveolar epithelium, pulmonary capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and perivascular and perilymphatic tissues.
Chronic respiratory diseases are long-term diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung. They are characterized by a high inflammatory cell recruitment ( neutrophil) and/or destructive cycle of infection, (e.g. mediated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ). Some of the most common are asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute ...
Usual interstitial pneumonia ( UIP) is a form of lung disease characterized by progressive scarring of both lungs. [ 1] The scarring ( fibrosis) involves the pulmonary interstitium (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of interstitial lung disease .
Acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [ 1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [ 1] For those who survive, a decreased quality of life is common.
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. [ 3 ][ 14 ] Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. [ 15 ] The severity of the condition is variable. [ 15 ]
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself. It is generally characterized by inflamed and easily ...
12 per 100,000 people per year [ 4] Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ( IPF) synonymous with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis[ 5] is a rare, progressive illness of the respiratory system, characterized by the thickening and stiffening of lung tissue, associated with the formation of scar tissue. It is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis ...
Silicosis is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust, and is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs. It is a type of pneumoconiosis and is known in the United Kingdom and eastern United States as the "black lung".
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