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Osteonecrosis of the jaw ( ONJ) is a severe bone disease ( osteonecrosis) that affects the jaws (the maxilla and the mandible ). Various forms of ONJ have been described since 1861, and a number of causes have been suggested in the literature. Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with bisphosphonate therapy, which is required by some cancer ...
Gorham's disease (pronounced GOR-amz), also known as Gorham vanishing bone disease and phantom bone disease, [1] is a very rare skeletal condition of unknown cause.It is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of distended, thin-walled vascular or lymphatic channels within bone, which leads to resorption and replacement of bone with angiomas and/or fibrosis.
Ectodermal dysplasia. A patient displaying peg-shaped teeth and sparse hair characteristic of ectodermal dysplasia. Specialty. Medical genetics. Ectodermal dysplasia ( ED) is a group of genetic syndromes all deriving from abnormalities of the ectodermal structures. [ 1]: 570 More than 150 different syndromes have been identified.
Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome. Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome ( PLS ), also known as palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis, [ 1][ 2] is an autosomal recessive [ 3] genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in cathepsin C. [ 4][ 5]
Craniocervical instability ( CCI) is a medical condition characterized by excessive movement of the vertebra at the atlanto-occipital joint and the atlanto-axial joint located between the skull and the top two vertebra, known as C1 and C2. [citation needed] The condition can cause neural injury and compression of nearby structures, including ...
Hip replacement is a surgical procedure in which the hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant, that is, a hip prosthesis. [1] Hip replacement surgery can be performed as a total replacement or a hemi/semi(half) replacement. Such joint replacement orthopaedic surgery is generally conducted to relieve arthritis pain or in some hip fractures.
Cushing's syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol. [4] [9] [10] Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity but with thin arms and legs, reddish stretch marks, a round red face due to facial plethora, [11] a fat lump between the shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne, and fragile skin that heals ...
Evans syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's immune system attacks their own red blood cells and platelets, the syndrome can include immune neutropenia. [ 1][ 2] These immune cytopenias may occur simultaneously or sequentially. [ 1][ 3] Its overall phenotype resembles a combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune ...