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The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [17] also known as the Persian Empire [17] or First Persian Empire [18] (/ ə ˈ k iː m ə n ɪ d /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 19 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 20 ] ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
Alexander III of Macedon defeats the armies of the Achaemenid Empire in the Battle of the Persian Gate: 330 BC: July: Darius III, the last Achaemenid emperor is killed, bringing an end to the Achaemenid empire. 330 BC: Persepolis, the capital of the Persian Achaemenid Empire is destroyed by Alexander III of Macedon. 323 BC: 10/11 June
The greatest achievement was the empire itself. The Persian Empire represented the world's first superpower [58] [59] that was based on a model of tolerance and respect for other cultures and religions. [60] Map showing key sites during the Persian invasions of Greece.
The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...
Shia Islam was for the first time established as the state religion. [229] The Safavids ruled as šâhanšâh-e Irân ('King of Kings of Iran'). [231] The initial capital of the Safavid Empire was at Tabriz. Due to conflict with the Ottoman Empire in the west, the capital was moved eastwards to Qazvin in 1548, and then to Isfahan in the 1590s ...
Empire Start year End year Duration (years) Abbasid Caliphate: 750: 1517: 767 Aceh Sultanate: 1496: ... First French Empire: 1804: 1815: 11 Second French Empire: 1852 ...
Conquered the Mede empire c. 550, thus founding the Persian Empire; [10] conquered Lydia in 547, which already controlled several Hellenic cities on the Anatolian coast; soon extended his control to include them; conquered the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539, freeing the Hebrews enslaved by the Babylonians. Cambyses II: 530–522 BC
This timeline tries to show dates of important historical events that happened in or that led to the rise of the Middle East/ South West Asia .The Middle East is the territory that comprises today's Egypt, the Persian Gulf states, Iran, Iraq, Israel and Palestine, Cyprus, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.