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A year later, another group calling itself the Kabul Literary Circle was founded in the capital. Both groups published regular magazines dedicated to culture and Persian literature. Both, especially the Kabul publication, had little success in becoming venues for modern Persian poetry and writing.
Persepolis is derived from the Greek Περσέπολις, Persepolis, a compound of Pérsēs (Πέρσης) and pólis (πόλις, together meaning "the Persian city" or "the city of the Persians"). To the ancient Persians, the city was known as Pārsa (Old Persian: 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿), which is also the word for the region of Persia. [6] [7]
An aspect of this was a Portuguese hostility to and destruction of writings in the Arwi language, a type of Tamil with many Arabic words, written in a variety of the Arabic script and used by local Muslims. Much of Arwi cultural heritage was thus destroyed, though the precise extent of the destruction might never be known. [citation needed]
About 240 CE, the city fell to Shāpūr I (reigned c. 240–272), the ruler of the Persian Sāsānian dynasty, and was destroyed. [66] The UNESCO description of the city notes that "the remains of the city, especially the temples where Hellenistic and Roman architecture blend with Eastern decorative features, attest to the greatness of its ...
Middle Persian, Parthian, Greek Only part of the Greek inscriptions remains Shapur I inscription in Hajiabad [1] Shapur I Hajiabad, near Istakhr: Middle Persian, Parthian Kartir's inscription at Naghsh-e Rajab [2] Kartir: Naghsh-e Rajab: Middle Persian Paikuli inscription [3] Narseh: Barkal village, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq: Middle ...
The persecution of Zoroastrians increased significantly under the Abbasids, temples and sacred-fire shrines were destroyed. [36] Also during Abbasid rule, the status of Zoroastrians in Persian lands was reduced from dhimmi —people who were protected by the state and generally considered 'People of the Book'—to 'kafirs' (non-believers).
A codex of his speeches was seen at Buda in 1525 in the library of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, but was destroyed by the Turks in 1526. In 2002, Natalie Tchernetska of Trinity College, Cambridge discovered and identified fragments of two speeches of Hyperides that have been considered lost, Against Timandros and Against Diondas .
The Avesta (/ ə ˈ v ɛ s t ə /, Book Pahlavi: ʾp(y)stʾk' (abestāg), Persian: اوستا (avestâ)) is the text corpus of religious literature of Zoroastrianism. [1] All its texts are composed in the Avestan language and written in the Avestan alphabet. [2]