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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
[2] [14] [15] [16] In the expanded cohort, there were a mean of 6.8 UTIs/year pre-vaccination, the UTI-free rate over the 9-month post-vaccination period was 40.6%, the reduction of infection rate was 75.3% for this period relative to the year prior to vaccination, and 80.3% reported being moderately or markedly improved at 12-month follow-up ...
Women in the study remained UTI-free for approximately 4.5 years on average, while men experienced around 3.5 years without UTIs. [10] Dr. Bob Yang, who co-led the study and serves as a consultant urologist at the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom, noted that before receiving the vaccine, all participants had struggled ...
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The efficacy of solifenacin to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) was established in two clinical trials with a total of 95 pediatric NDO participants, ages two to 17 years old. [2] The studies were designed to measure (as a primary efficacy endpoint) the maximum amount of urine the bladder could hold after 24 weeks of treatment. [2]
Nitrofurantoin, sold under the brand name Macrobid among others, is an antibacterial medication of the nitrofuran class used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), although it is not as effective for kidney infections. [16] It is taken by mouth. [16] Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches. [16]
Urethral syndrome is defined as symptoms suggestive of a lower urinary tract infection but in the absence of significant bacteriuria with a conventional pathogen. [1] It is a diagnosis of exclusion in patients with dysuria and frequency without demonstrable infection. [2] In women, vaginitis should also be ruled out. [3]
A post-void residual urine greater than 50 ml is a significant amount of urine and increases the potential for recurring urinary tract infections. [citation needed] In adults older than 60 years, 50-100 ml of residual urine may remain after each voiding because of the decreased contractility of the detrusor muscle. [7]
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