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The Rockpile was first observed and made note of by a small Marine reconnaissance team on 4 July 1966. The area later became a key outpost from which American and South Vietnamese forces could observe movements by the North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and Viet Cong (VC) troops near the DMZ and in the central and west sectors of northern I Corps.
The base was originally established in December 1968 by the 1st Battalion 4th Marines approximately 3 km northwest of The Rockpile and just south of the DMZ. [1]On the morning of 25 February 1969 People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) sappers from the 27th Regiment attacked FSB Russell killing 27 Marines from the 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines and 3rd Battalion, 12th Marines and 2 Navy corpsmen.
Date Duration Operation Name Unit(s) – Description Location VC–PAVN KIA (US Sources) Allied KIA(US Sources) Jan 1 – Mar 31: Operation Skysweep [1]: 1st Battalion, 503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment clear and search operation
Battery A, 1/12 Marines prepare to fire their 105mm gun in 1969 Fire Support Fuller before June 1971 siege, looking north. The base was established on Dong Ha Mountain northeast of The Rockpile north of Highway 9 during Operation Lancaster II. [1] [2] The 3rd Battalion 9th Marines secured Fuller as part of Operation Virginia Ridge on 2 May 1969.
Life magazine published the photographs of 242 Americans killed in one week in Vietnam; this is now considered a watershed event of negative public opinion toward the war. [59] [60] 28 June. A Gallup poll showed that 61% of Americans opposed a total withdrawal from South Vietnam, 29% favored total withdrawal and 10% were undecided. [5]: 302
Operation Prairie was a U.S. military operation in Quảng Trị Province, South Vietnam that sought to eliminate People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces south of the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Over the course of late 1965 and early 1966 the Viet Cong (VC) and the PAVN intensified their military threat along the DMZ.
The base was located on Mutter's Ridge north of The Rockpile, approximately 16 km northwest of Cam Lo. [1] Hill 484 was the scene of heavy fighting between the 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces during Operation Prairie in early October 1966. It was captured by the Marines but then abandoned after the battle.
On 15 November 1968, a 1st Battalion 3rd Marines patrol near Sierra was ambushed by a People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) force resulting in 7 Marines killed. [2] On 2 March 1969 the 1st Battalion 4th Marines began Operation Purple Martin north of the Rockpile to engage the PAVN 246th Regiment which was believed to be located in the area.