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The lowest level occurred at the Permian-Triassic boundary about 250 million years ago. During the most recent ice age (at its maximum about 20,000 years ago) the world's sea level was about 130 m lower than today, due to the large amount of sea water that had evaporated and been deposited as snow and ice, mostly in the Laurentide Ice Sheet ...
Country Depth Notes / references 1= Caspian Sea and its shores: Azerbaijan, Russia, and Kazakhstan: −28 m (−92 ft) Caspian Depression: 1= Baku: Azerbaijan: −28 m (−92 ft) lowest lying national capital in the world, Caspian Depression: 3: Atyrau Airport: Kazakhstan: −22 m (−72 ft) lowest international airport, Caspian Depression: 4 ...
By the end of the 21st century, temperatures may increase to a level last seen in the mid-Pliocene. This was around 3 million years ago. [28]: 322 At that time, mean global temperatures were about 2–4 °C (3.6–7.2 °F) warmer than pre-industrial temperatures. The global mean sea level was up to 25 metres (82 ft) higher than it is today.
The lowest international airport is Atyrau Airport, near Atyrau, Kazakhstan, at 22 m (72 ft) below sea level, in the basin of the Caspian Sea. The lowest major city is Baku, Azerbaijan, located 28 m (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest-lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level.
These island countries also have the smallest range between their lowest (sea level) and highest points, and are very sensitive to changes in sea level. The highest and lowest points in China constitute the greatest elevation range within any single country at 9,002 metres (29,534 ft).
The report says if global average temperatures settle at 2 degrees Celsius above the preindustrial baseline, the planet could be committed to more than 40 feet of sea-level rise — a melt that ...
About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost 60 metres (200 ft). Antarctica holds the record for the lowest measured temperature on Earth, −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F). The coastal regions can reach temperatures over 10 °C (50 °F) in the summer.
However a review of satellite measurements taken between 2010 and 2013 found several places located along a ridge between Dome A and Dome F which recorded even lower temperatures of −92 to −94 °C (−134 to −137 °F), with the lowest reliable temperature being −93.2 °C (−135.8 °F) recorded in 2010, at , at an elevation of 3,900 m ...