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Genocide definitions include many scholarly and international legal definitions of genocide, [1] a word coined by Raphael Lemkin in 1944. [2] The word is a compound of the ancient Greek word γένος ( génos , "genus", or "kind") and the Latin word caedō ("kill").
Genocide is violence that targets individuals because of their membership of a group and aims at the destruction of a people. [a] [1] Raphael Lemkin, who first coined the term, defined genocide as "the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic group" by means such as "the disintegration of [its] political and social institutions, of [its] culture, language, national feelings, religion, and [its ...
The Genocide Convention establishes five prohibited acts that, when committed with the requisite intent, amount to genocide. Genocide is not just defined as wide scale massacre-style killings that are visible and well-documented. International law recognizes a broad range of forms of violence in which the crime of genocide can be enacted. [3]
Mohammed Hassan Kakar argues that the definition should include political groups or any group so defined by the perpetrator. [7] He prefers the definition from Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn, which defines genocide as "a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group so defined by the perpetrator." [8]
Further support comes from Adam Jones, who wrote in Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction a summary of the Vendée uprising, supporting the view that it was a genocide: "the Vendée Uprising stands as a notable example of a mass killing campaign that has only recently been conceptualized as 'genocide '" and that while this designation "is not ...
The Genocide Convention was conceived largely in response to World War II, which saw atrocities such as the Holocaust that lacked an adequate description or legal definition. Polish-Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin , who had coined the term genocide in 1944 to describe Nazi policies in occupied Europe and the Armenian genocide , campaigned for its ...
The ten stages of genocide, formerly the eight stages of genocide, is an academic tool and a policy model which was created by Gregory Stanton, former research professor and founding president of Genocide Watch, in order to explain how genocides occur. The stages of genocide are not linear, and as a result, several of them may occur simultaneously.
The contextual element of genocide is an ongoing issue in the jurisprudence of genocide. The question of whether a genocidal policy or plan is an element of the crime of genocide has implications for the rights of the accused, the right to have the law interpreted in their favor where it is ambiguous, and the risk of harm from a theory of culpability that could be satisfied by simple ...