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Messier 81 (also known as NGC 3031 or Bode's Galaxy) is a grand design spiral galaxy about 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It has a D 25 isophotal diameter of 29.44 kiloparsecs (96,000 light-years ).
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are "close enough" (within about a thousand parsecs ) to Earth.
This is a list of known galaxies within 3.8 megaparsecs (12.4 million light-years) of the Solar System, in ascending order of heliocentric distance, or the distance to the Sun. This encompasses about 50 major Local Group galaxies, and some that are members of neighboring galaxy groups , the M81 Group and the Centaurus A/M83 Group , and some ...
The M81 Group is a galaxy group in the constellations Ursa Major and Camelopardalis that includes the galaxies Messier 81 and Messier 82, as well as several other galaxies with high apparent brightnesses. [1] The approximate center of the group is located at a distance of 3.6 Mpc, making it one of the nearest groups to the Local Group. [1]
18 Tm – 123.5 AU – distance between the Sun to the farthest dwarf planet in the Solar System, the Farout 2018 VG18; 20.0 Tm – 135 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of May 2016; 20.6 Tm – 138 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of late February 2017; 21.1 Tm – 141 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of November 2017
seen from 1 AU away −40.07: star Zeta 1 Scorpii: seen from 1 AU away −39.66: star R136a1: seen from 1 AU away −39.47 star P Cygni: seen from 1 AU away −38.00: star Rigel: seen from 1 AU away would be seen as a large, very bright bluish disk of 35° apparent diameter −37.42 star Betelgeuse: seen from 1 AU away −30.30: star Sirius A ...
The term "unit distance" is also used for the length A while, in general usage, it is usually referred to simply as the "astronomical unit", symbol au. An equivalent formulation of the old definition of the astronomical unit is the radius of an unperturbed circular Newtonian orbit about the Sun of a particle having infinitesimal mass, moving ...
At the present time the proper distance equals the comoving distance since the cosmological scale factor has value one: () =. The proper distance represents the distance obtained as if one were able to freeze the flow of time (set d t = 0 {\displaystyle dt=0} in the FLRW metric) and walk all the way to a galaxy while using a meter stick. [ 2 ]