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For other uses, it is dissolved in water and then distilled. It achieves a highly scented, yellow-brown crystalline form. [6] One ton of iris root produces two kilos of essential oil, also referred to as orris root butter or butter of iris, and it is the most expensive substance used in the fragrance industry. [7]
Orris oil is used to add flavor and scent to foods, gins, and perfumes [3] The species' successful cultivation is partly due to its ability to thrive in different environments, including different climates and nutrient-poor soils. Iris pallida growth and flowering differ in different temperatures. [2]
Rhizomes of the German iris (I. germanica) and sweet iris (I. pallida) are traded as orris root and are used in perfume and medicine, though more common in ancient times than today. Today, Iris essential oil from flowers are sometimes used in aromatherapy as sedative medicines. The dried rhizomes are also given whole to babies to help in teething.
Orris concrete is used in perfumery when the presence of myristic acid is not prohibitive, e.g.: in soap perfumes where the weak acid only acts as a fixative. The methyl and ethyl esters of myristic acid are often used for blending in violet type perfume bases. The high costs of orris oil production limit its application.
Irones are a group of methylionone odorants used in perfumery, derived from iris oil, [1] e.g. orris root. The most commercially important of these are: (-)-cis-γ-irone, and (-)-cis-α-irone; Irones form through slow oxidation of triterpenoids in dried rhizomes of the iris species, Iris pallida.
Orris oil is extracted from the roots of the Florentine iris (Iris florentina), Iris germanica and Iris pallida. It is used as a flavouring agent, in perfume, and medicinally. [23] Palo Santo; Parsley oil, used in soaps, detergents, colognes, cosmetics and perfumes, especially men's fragrances. Patchouli oil, very common ingredient in perfumes.
Other traditional uses include as an expectorant, astringent, and to treat bronchitis. [83] The essential oil of the plant has been used for centuries as a general tonic for colds and coughs, and to relieve congestion of the mucous membranes. Glycyrrhiza glabra: Licorice root: Purported uses include stomach ulcers, bronchitis, and sore throat. [84]
The violet scented rhizome has many uses including, a perfume, [11] for mixing with hair powder, [10] [11] powder used for washing clothes, hair, and teeth, [50] used as a fresh scent for linen, a base for dry shampoos, base for tooth powders, in face-packs, as a fixative in pot-pourri.