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The Spherics (Greek: τὰ σφαιρικά, tà sphairiká) is a three-volume treatise on spherical geometry written by the Hellenistic mathematician Theodosius of Bithynia in the 2nd or 1st century BC.
Theodosius of Bithynia (Ancient Greek: Θεοδόσιος Theodosios; 2nd–1st century BC) was a Hellenistic astronomer and mathematician from Bithynia who wrote the Spherics, a treatise about spherical geometry, as well as several other books on mathematics and astronomy, of which two survive, On Habitations and On Days and Nights.
Spherical trigonometry was studied by early Greek mathematicians such as Theodosius of Bithynia, a Greek astronomer and mathematician who wrote Spherics, a book on the geometry of the sphere, [2] and Menelaus of Alexandria, who wrote a book on spherical trigonometry called Sphaerica and developed Menelaus' theorem.
Spherics (sometimes spelled sphaerics or sphaerica) is a term used in the history of mathematics for historical works on spherical geometry, [1] [2] exemplified by the Spherics (Ancient Greek: τὰ σφαιρικά tá sphairiká), a treatise by the Hellenistic mathematician Theodosius (2nd or early 1st century BC), [3] and another treatise of the same title by Menelaus of Alexandria (c. 100 AD).
Pages in category "Spherical geometry" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. ... Theodosius' Spherics; A Treatise on the Circle and the Sphere
Autolycus' two surviving works are about spherical geometry with application to astronomy: On the Moving Sphere and On Risings and Settings (of stars). In late antiquity, both were part of the "Little Astronomy", [1] a collection of miscellaneous short works about geometry and astronomy which were commonly transmitted together.
Once the radius is fixed, the three coordinates (r, θ, φ), known as a 3-tuple, provide a coordinate system on a sphere, typically called the spherical polar coordinates. The plane passing through the origin and perpendicular to the polar axis (where the polar angle is a right angle ) is called the reference plane (sometimes fundamental plane ).
Apollonius of Perga (c. 240 – c. 190 BC) is known for his work on conic sections and his study of geometry in 3-dimensional space. He is considered one of the greatest ancient Greek mathematicians. Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) is considered the founder of trigonometry [9] and also solved several problems of spherical trigonometry.