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In thermodynamics, dissipation is the result of an irreversible process that affects a thermodynamic system.In a dissipative process, energy (internal, bulk flow kinetic, or system potential) transforms from an initial form to a final form, where the capacity of the final form to do thermodynamic work is less than that of the initial form.
The concept of 'dissipation of energy' was used in Lord Kelvin's 1852 article "On a Universal Tendency in Nature to the Dissipation of Mechanical Energy." [15] He distinguished between two types or "stores" of mechanical energy: "statical" and "dynamical." He discussed how these two types of energy can change from one form to the other during a ...
Dissipation is the frictional conversion of mechanical energy to thermal energy. The dissipation rate, , may be written down in terms of the fluctuating rates of strain in the turbulent flow and the fluid's kinematic viscosity, v. It has dimensions of energy per unit mass per second.
Energy dissipation and entropy production extremal principles are ideas developed within non-equilibrium thermodynamics that attempt to predict the likely steady states and dynamical structures that a physical system might show. The search for extremum principles for non-equilibrium thermodynamics follows their successful use in other branches ...
Nonradiative transitions arise through several different mechanisms, all differently labeled in the diagram. Relaxation of the excited state to its lowest vibrational level is called vibrational relaxation. This process involves the dissipation of energy from the molecule to its surroundings, and thus it cannot occur for isolated molecules.
Turbulence kinetic energy is then transferred down the turbulence energy cascade, and is dissipated by viscous forces at the Kolmogorov scale. This process of production, transport and dissipation can be expressed as: D k D t + ∇ ⋅ T ′ = P − ε , {\displaystyle {\frac {Dk}{Dt}}+\nabla \cdot T'=P-\varepsilon ,} where: [ 1 ]
Quantum dissipation is the branch of physics that studies the quantum analogues of the process of irreversible loss of energy observed at the classical level. Its main purpose is to derive the laws of classical dissipation from the framework of quantum mechanics .
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