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Hyperthymic temperament, or hyperthymia, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ ("over", meaning here excessive) + θυμός ("spirited"), is a proposed personality type characterized by an exceptionally, or in some cases, abnormally positive or irritated mood and disposition.
Danah Zohar coined the term "spiritual intelligence" and introduced the idea in 1997 in her book ReWiring the Corporate Brain. [1]In the same year, 1997, Ken O'Donnell, an Australian author and consultant living in Brazil, also introduced the term "spiritual intelligence" in his book Endoquality - the emotional and spiritual dimensions of the human being in organizations.
Most experts agree that temperament has a genetic and biological basis, although environmental factors and maturation modify the ways a child's personality is expressed. [35] The term "goodness of fit" refers to the match or mismatch between temperament and other personal characteristics and the specific features of the environment.
According to Plato, the spirited or thymoeides (from thymos) is part of the soul by which we are angry or get into a temper. [17] He also calls this part 'high spirit' and initially identifies the soul dominated by this part with the Thracians , Scythians , and the people of "northern regions".
Plato believed that the soul is divided into three parts of desire: Rational, Appetitive, and Spirited. [8] In order to have moral character, we must understand what contributes to our overall good and have our spirited and appetitive desires educated properly, so that they can agree with the guidance provided by the rational part of the soul.
Thus, personality development is articulated in terms of purposeful action geared towards experiencing mastery of free choice. Rather than compartmentalized elements of personality traits such as feelings, thoughts, or behavior, Humanistic psychology integrates these elements as functions of being in a greater encompassing system such as ...
This suggests that self-transcendence may be a valid measure of areas of spirituality relating to spiritual beliefs, spiritual experiences, paranormal beliefs, and traditional religiousness, but is unrelated to having a sense of meaning and purpose in life, which is more related to other features of personality.
As with many other constructs in positive psychology, it is difficult to quantify zest. Other traits like socioeconomic status, which can be measured by household income, or constructs like fear, which can be quantified by changes in heart rate, skin conductance, and pupil dilation, have more well-defined and widely accepted methods of measure.