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In molecular biology, alpha-amylase inhibitor (or α-...) is a protein family which inhibits mammalian alpha-amylases specifically, by forming a tight stoichiometric 1:1 complex with alpha-amylase. This family of inhibitors has no action on plant and microbial alpha amylases. They are found in raw plants/herbs such as cinnamon and bacteria ...
Diabetes: α-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitors are found in several raw plants/herbs such as cinnamon [18] and bacteria containing acarbose [19] They are used as anti-diabetic drugs. The intake of a single dose of before a meal containing complex carbohydrates clearly suppresses the glucose spike and may decrease the postprandial ...
Since alpha-glucosidase inhibitors prevent the degradation of complex carbohydrates into glucose, the carbohydrates will remain in the intestine. In the colon, bacteria will digest the complex carbohydrates, thereby causing gastrointestinal side effects such as flatulence and diarrhea. Since these effects are dose-related, it is generally ...
Acarbose inhibits enzymes (glycoside hydrolases) needed to digest carbohydrates, specifically, alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestines, and pancreatic alpha-amylase. It locks up the enzymes by mimicking the transition state of the substrate with its amine linkage. [ 14 ]
Common side effects include dizziness, headache, insomnia, nausea, blurry vision, and sexual problems. [9] [6] Other side effects may include feeling lightheaded with standing due to changes in blood pressure, and angioedema. [9] Tamsulosin is an alpha blocker and works by relaxing muscles in the prostate. [10]
As bile acid sequestrants are designed to stay in the gut; in general, they do not have systemic side effects. However, they may cause problems in the gastrointestinal tract, such as constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and flatulence. Some patients complain of the bad taste.
In medicine these proteins are useful and are used as a mitogen to trigger T-lymphocyte cell division and to activate latent HIV-1 from human peripheral lymphocytes.In neuroscience, anterograde tracing is a research method that uses the protein product phytohaemagglutinin PHA-L as a molecular tracer that can be taken up by the cell and transported across the synapse into the next cell thereby ...
The first aromatase inhibitor that was discovered was aminoglutethimide, classified as first-generation AIs. It is still used today despite causing side effects such as lack of target enzyme specificity which also has effects on other cytochrome P450 enzymes. [12] Furthermore, it affects the synthesis of aldosterone, thyroid hormone and ...