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In alopecia areata, a hair follicle is attacked by the immune system. T-cells swarm the roots, killing the follicle. This causes the hair to fall out and parts of the head to become bald. Alopecia areata is thought to be a systemic autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks its own anagen hair follicles and suppresses or stops hair growth. [22]
Alopecia occurs for various reasons, including genetics, autoimmune disorders where the immune system attacks hair follicles, hormonal changes, medical treatments like chemotherapy, or other factors.
In male-pattern hair loss, loss and thinning begin at the temples and the crown and hair either thins out or falls out. Female-pattern hair loss occurs at the frontal and parietal. People have between 100,000 and 150,000 hairs on their head. The number of strands normally lost in a day varies but on average is 100. [9]
Many treatments have been explored, including immunomodulatory agents such as imiquimod. [4] Tofacitinib citrate may also have benefits. In June 2014, a 25-year-old man with almost no hair on his body was reported to have grown a full head of hair, as well as eyebrows, eyelashes, and facial, armpit, and other hair, following eight months of treatment. [5]
Male- or female-pattern baldness, also called androgenetic alopecia, is the most common reason for hair loss. It’s caused by an inherited sensitivity to the hormone dihydrotestosterone, or DHT.
Hair diseases are illnesses that impact the persistence and regular growth of hair. Types of hair diseases include folliculitis , hirsutism , hypertrichosis , hypotrichosis ( alopecia ), Menkes kinky hair syndrome , monilethrix , and piedra .
Traction alopecia. Constant tension or strain on the hair damages the follicle, impacting the ability for blood flow and nutrients to reach it and can ultimately result in permanent hair loss, Dr ...
S: Skin. The skin of the scalp contains numerous hair follicles and sebaceous glands. C: Connective tissue. A dense subcutaneous layer of fat and fibrous tissue that lies beneath the skin, containing the nerves and vessels of the scalp. A: Aponeurosis. The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue ...