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In cell biology, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are proteins that interact with the microtubules of the cellular cytoskeleton. MAPs are integral to the stability of the cell and its internal structures and the transport of components within the cell.
Unlike other microtubule-associated proteins, motor proteins utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to generate mechanical work that moves the protein along the substrate. The major motor proteins that interact with microtubules are kinesin , which usually moves toward the (+) end of the microtubule, and dynein , which moves toward the (−) end.
Tau proteins are found more often in neurons than in non-neuronal cells in humans. One of tau's main functions is to modulate the stability of axonal microtubules. [11] [13] Other nervous system microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) may perform similar functions, as suggested by tau knockout mice that did not show abnormalities in brain development – possibly because of compensation in tau ...
MAP1LC3B is a member of the highly conserved ATG8 protein family. ATG8 proteins are present in all known eukaryotic organisms. The animal ATG8 family comprises three subfamilies: (i) microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3); (ii) Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer of 16 kDa (GATE-16); and (iii) γ-amino-butyric acid receptor-associate protein ().
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the microtubule-associated protein family. The proteins of this family were originally isolated since they copurify with tubulin in polymerization experiments: tubulin in cell extracts can be made to polymerize to produce microtubules (MT) under the influence of heat and the addition of GTP, and the MT can then be collected by centrifugation.
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP1LC3A gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is a major non-neuronal microtubule-associated protein. This protein contains a domain similar to the microtubule-binding domains of neuronal microtubule-associated protein and microtubule-associated protein tau . This protein promotes microtubule assembly, and has been shown to counteract destabilization of ...
Microtubule plus-end/positive-end tracking proteins or +TIPs are a type of microtubule associated protein (MAP) which accumulate at the plus ends of microtubules. +TIPs are arranged in diverse groups which are classified based on their structural components; however, all classifications are distinguished by their specific accumulation at the plus end of microtubules and their ability to ...