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A stenter is a very useful machine in a textile process house, and the machine plays a vital role in finishing. The machine may be equipped with a padding mangle , which is useful in squeezing excess moisture and applying various finishes [ 7 ] such as wrinkle-free, water repellent, waterproof , anti-static , or flame retardant .
CPB is a semi-continuous process [9] that uses a padding mangle to pad the fabric with dye liquor and a suitable alkali [for reaction and fixing]. After the roll is padded, it is immediately wound and wrapped. It is then batched or rotated continuously for 6–24 hours. This process is known as "pad-batch."
Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers. The word also refers to the materials used to upholster something. Upholstery comes from the Middle English word upholder, [1] which referred to an artisan who makes fabric furnishings. [2]
Textile manufacturing in the modern era is an evolved form of the art and craft industries. Until the 18th and 19th centuries, the textile industry was a household work. It became mechanised in the 18th and 19th centuries, and has continued to develop through science and technology since the twentieth century. [ 2 ]
A 1923 electric Miele washing machine with a built-in mangle. The Oxford English Dictionary dates the first use of the word mangle in English from 1598, quoting John Florio who, in his 1598 dictionary, A World of Words, described "a kind of press to press buckram, fustian, or dyed linen cloth, to make it have a luster or gloss".
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Textile products that are loosely woven or knitted shrink more, whereas tightly knitted and woven products are more stable. The structure of knitted fabrics is competitively loose and flexible. [2] Compaction, like sanforization for woven fabric, is intended to reduce shrinkage in tube and open width Knitted textiles. [3]
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